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claude-gen/fission-python/template/examples/example_webhook.py
Duc Nguyen 29667cd92f ref: up
2026-03-18 20:21:56 +07:00

297 lines
7.9 KiB
Python

"""
Example: Webhook receiver pattern.
This demonstrates:
- Processing external service callbacks
- Signature verification
- Event type handling
- Idempotency checks
- Async processing patterns
"""
import hashlib
import hmac
from flask import request
from helpers import init_db_connection, get_secret
from exceptions import ValidationError, DatabaseError
# For signed webhooks, you'll need a secret
WEBHOOK_SECRET = get_secret("WEBHOOK_SECRET", "")
def verify_signature(payload: bytes, signature: str) -> bool:
"""
Verify HMAC-SHA256 webhook signature.
Args:
payload: Raw request body bytes
signature: Signature header value (format: "sha256=<hex>")
Returns:
True if signature is valid, False otherwise
"""
if not WEBHOOK_SECRET:
return True # Skip verification if no secret configured (for dev)
expected = hmac.new(
WEBHOOK_SECRET.encode(),
payload,
hashlib.sha256
).hexdigest()
# Signature header format: "sha256=abcdef..."
received = signature.split("=", 1)[1] if "=" in signature else signature
return hmac.compare_digest(expected, received)
def webhook_receiver(event, context):
"""
```fission
{
"name": "webhook-receiver",
"http_triggers": {
"webhook": {
"url": "/webhooks/external-service",
"methods": ["POST"]
}
}
}
```
Receive and process webhook from external service.
**Request:**
- Raw JSON payload in body
- Signature header: `X-Webhook-Signature: sha256=<hmac>`
**Response:**
- 200: Webhook accepted for processing
- 400: Invalid signature or payload
- 500: Processing error
**Idempotency:**
This function is idempotent - duplicate webhooks with same
event ID will not be processed twice.
"""
# Get raw body for signature verification
payload = request.get_data()
signature = request.headers.get("X-Webhook-Signature", "")
# Verify signature
if not verify_signature(payload, signature):
raise ValidationError("Invalid webhook signature")
# Parse payload
try:
data = request.get_json()
except Exception as e:
raise ValidationError(f"Invalid JSON payload: {str(e)}")
# Validate required fields
event_id = data.get("event_id") or data.get("id")
event_type = data.get("event_type") or data.get("type")
if not event_id:
raise ValidationError("Missing event_id in webhook payload")
if not event_type:
raise ValidationError("Missing event_type in webhook payload")
# Idempotency check: have we already processed this event?
conn = None
try:
conn = init_db_connection()
cursor = conn.cursor()
# Check if event already processed
cursor.execute(
"SELECT id FROM webhook_events WHERE event_id = %s",
(event_id,)
)
if cursor.fetchone():
# Already processed - return success (idempotent)
return {"status": "already_processed", "event_id": event_id}
# Record webhook event (for idempotency)
cursor.execute(
"""
INSERT INTO webhook_events (event_id, event_type, payload, received_at)
VALUES (%s, %s, %s, NOW())
""",
(event_id, event_type, payload.decode('utf-8'))
)
# Process based on event type
result = process_event(cursor, event_type, data)
conn.commit()
return {"status": "processed", "event_id": event_id, "result": result}
except Exception as e:
if conn:
conn.rollback()
raise DatabaseError(f"Failed to process webhook: {str(e)}")
finally:
if conn:
conn.close()
def process_event(cursor, event_type: str, data: dict):
"""
Route event to appropriate handler.
Args:
cursor: Database cursor
event_type: Type of event (e.g., "user.created", "order.updated")
data: Event payload
Returns:
Handler result
"""
handlers = {
"user.created": handle_user_created,
"user.updated": handle_user_updated,
"user.deleted": handle_user_deleted,
"order.created": handle_order_created,
"order.paid": handle_order_paid,
"order.shipped": handle_order_shipped,
}
handler = handlers.get(event_type)
if not handler:
# Log unknown event type but don't fail
logger = get_logger()
logger.warning(f"Unhandled webhook event type: {event_type}")
return {"skipped": True, "reason": "unknown_event_type"}
return handler(cursor, data)
def handle_user_created(cursor, data: dict):
"""Handle user creation event."""
user_id = data.get("user_id") or data.get("id")
email = data.get("email")
name = data.get("name")
# Create user record
cursor.execute(
"""
INSERT INTO users (id, email, name, created_at)
VALUES (%s, %s, %s, NOW())
ON CONFLICT (id) DO UPDATE SET
email = EXCLUDED.email,
name = EXCLUDED.name,
updated_at = NOW()
""",
(user_id, email, name)
)
# Send welcome email (async via message queue, etc.)
# enqueue_welcome_email(user_id, email)
return {"action": "user_created", "user_id": user_id}
def handle_user_updated(cursor, data: dict):
"""Handle user update event."""
user_id = data.get("user_id") or data.get("id")
updates = data.get("updates", {})
# Build dynamic update
set_clauses = []
params = []
for key, value in updates.items():
set_clauses.append(f"{key} = %s")
params.append(value)
params.append(user_id)
cursor.execute(
f"UPDATE users SET {', '.join(set_clauses)}, updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = %s",
params
)
return {"action": "user_updated", "user_id": user_id}
def handle_user_deleted(cursor, data: dict):
"""Handle user deletion event."""
user_id = data.get("user_id") or data.get("id")
# Soft delete (mark as inactive)
cursor.execute(
"UPDATE users SET status = 'deleted', deleted_at = NOW() WHERE id = %s",
(user_id,)
)
return {"action": "user_deleted", "user_id": user_id}
def handle_order_created(cursor, data: dict):
"""Handle order creation event."""
order_id = data.get("order_id") or data.get("id")
user_id = data.get("user_id")
total = data.get("total")
cursor.execute(
"""
INSERT INTO orders (id, user_id, total, status, created_at)
VALUES (%s, %s, %s, 'pending', NOW())
""",
(order_id, user_id, total)
)
return {"action": "order_created", "order_id": order_id}
def handle_order_paid(cursor, data: dict):
"""Handle order payment event."""
order_id = data.get("order_id") or data.get("id")
payment_id = data.get("payment_id")
amount = data.get("amount")
cursor.execute(
"""
UPDATE orders
SET status = 'paid',
paid_amount = %s,
payment_id = %s,
paid_at = NOW()
WHERE id = %s
""",
(amount, payment_id, order_id)
)
# Trigger fulfillment
# enqueue_fulfillment(order_id)
return {"action": "order_paid", "order_id": order_id}
def handle_order_shipped(cursor, data: dict):
"""Handle order shipment event."""
order_id = data.get("order_id") or data.get("id")
tracking_number = data.get("tracking_number")
carrier = data.get("carrier")
cursor.execute(
"""
UPDATE orders
SET status = 'shipped',
tracking_number = %s,
carrier = %s,
shipped_at = NOW()
WHERE id = %s
""",
(tracking_number, carrier, order_id)
)
# Send shipping notification
# send_shipping_email(order_id)
return {"action": "order_shipped", "order_id": order_id}
def get_logger():
"""Get logger instance."""
import logging
return logging.getLogger(__name__)